exact phrase

Finds a single phrase (quotation marks are optional)

boolean

Finds a structured group of words or phrases linked by and, or not, w/.

• examples:
  tart apple pie – the entire phrase must be present
  apple pie and pear tart – both phrases must be present
  apple pie or pear tart – either phrase must be present
  apple pie and not pear tart - only apple pie must be present
  apple w/5 pear – apple must occur within 5 words of pear
  apple not w/27 pear - apple must not occur within 27 words of pear
  subject contains apple pie – finds apple pie in a subject field
• use ( ) when a search includes two or more connectors:
  apple and pear or orange juice could mean (apple and pear) or orange, or it could mean apple and (pear or orange)

Special Characters

? matches any single character

appl? matches apply or apple

* matches any number of characters

appl*ion matches application

~~ indicates numeric range

14~~18 looks for 14, 15, 16, 17 or 18

xfirstword matches the first word of a document

apple pie w/10 xfirstword

xlastword matches the last word of a document

apple pie w/10 xlastword